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Sains Malaysiana 53(6)(2024): 1389-1403
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5306-13
Upcycling of Spent Copper Wires for Photocatalysis and Supercapacitor Applications (Kitar semula Wayar Tembaga Dibelanjakan untuk Aplikasi Fotokatalisis dan Superkapasitor)
CORNELIUS SATRIA YUDHA1,*,
ENNI APRILIYANI2 & MEIDIANA ARINAWATI3
1Chemical Engineering
Department, Vocational School, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Colonel Sutarto
150K Surakarta, Indonesia, 57126
2Center
of Excellence for Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Sebelas Maret
University, Jl. Slamet Riyadi 435 Surakarta, Indonesia, 57146
3Center of Excellence for
Electrical Energy Storage Technology, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Slamet
Riyadi 435 Surakarta, Indonesia, 57146
Diserahkan: 15 November 2023/Diterima:
29 April 2024
Abstract
In this study,
copper wires were upcycled as copper oxide (CuO) powder through
hydrometallurgical and biotreatment processes, which are economically and
environmentally attractive. Lactic acid, an organic weak acid, is chosen as the
lixiviant to improve the sustainability of the leaching process; meanwhile, Camellia sinensis leaf extract is chosen
for the biogenesis of CuO particles. The leaching behavior was investigated. A
crystallized Cu powder was successfully generated during the biogenesis
process, which became the precursor to CuO. The sintering of Cu resulted in
high crystalline CuO particles with monoclinic structure (space group C2/c)
based on several characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction analysis
and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy. SEM images exhibited the submicron
secondary particle with a raspberry-like shape of CuO and nanosized primary
particles. The band gap of the as-prepared CuO is 3.17 eV. The as-prepared CuO
particles were used as a photocatalyst and an active supercapacitor material.
The photocatalytic performance was evaluated in a photodegradation process of
acid orange 7 (AO7) and methyl orange (MO) dyes, which are considered harmful
to the environment. The AO7 and MO photodegradation efficiency are 92.5 and
97.8, respectively. The electrochemical performance of CuO particles showed a
pseudocapacitive behavior with a specific capacitance of 252 and 120 F/g at a
current density of 0.5 and 5 A/g in 5 M of KOH electrolyte, respectively. This
approach can be applied for numerous applications, specifically in overcoming
heavy metal pollution from wide selections of metal-based wastes.
Keywords: Biogenesis; copper; leaching; photocatalyst;
supercapacitor; waste
Abstrak
Dalam kajian ini,
wayar kuprum dikitar semula sebagai serbuk kuprum oksida (CuO) melalui proses
hidrometalurgi dan biorawatan yang lebih baik dari segi ekonomi dan alam
sekitar. Asid laktik adalah asid lemah organik, dipilih sebagai bahan pengikat
untuk meningkatkan kemampanan proses larut lesap; Sementara itu, ekstrak daun Camellia sinensis dipilih untuk
biogenesis zarah CuO. Tingkah laku larut lesap telah dikaji. Serbuk Cu
terhablur berjaya dihasilkan semasa proses biogenesis yang menjadi pendahulu
kepada CuO. Pensinteran Cu menghasilkan zarah CuO berhablur tinggi dengan
struktur monoklin (kumpulan ruang C2/c) berdasarkan beberapa kaedah pencirian
seperti analisis pembelauan sinar-X dan spektroskopi Inframerah transformasi
Fourier. Imej SEM menunjukkan zarah sekunder submikron dengan bentuk seperti
raspberi CuO dan zarah primer bersaiz nano. Jurang jalur bagi CuO seperti yang
disediakan ialah 3.17 eV. Zarah CuO yang disediakan telah digunakan sebagai
pemangkin foto dan bahan aktif untuk superkapasitor. Prestasi fotokatalitik
telah dinilai dalam proses fotodegradasi pewarna jingga asid 7 (AO7) dan metil
jingga (MO), yang dianggap berbahaya kepada alam sekitar. Kecekapan
fotodegradasi AO7 dan MO masing-masing ialah 92.5 dan 97.8. Prestasi
elektrokimia zarah CuO menunjukkan tingkah laku pseudokapasitif dengan
kapasitans tertentu 252 dan 120 F/g masing-masing pada ketumpatan arus 0.5 dan
5 A/g dalam 5 M elektrolit KOH. Pendekatan ini boleh digunakan untuk pelbagai
aplikasi, khususnya dalam mengatasi pencemaran logam berat daripada pelbagai
pilihan sisa berasaskan logam.
Kata kunci: Biogenesis; fotomangkin; kuprum; larut
lesap; superkapasitor; sisa
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: corneliussyudha@staff.uns.ac.id
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